I beleive it's a blue autobello piccolina /s It's actually the fuel vapor vents for the underground fuel tanks. The doors next to the pipes are just for service access (as an alternative to a regular manhole). I'm no expert on how they actually work but I've seen them at a lot of truck stops and gas stations
From what i understand they help to both regulate pressure in the tanks and eliminate the need for air to pass back through the gas pump when your filling up, so its like having a second hole open on your water bottle to get a smoother flow when you go to drink from it, so that the pump can read more easily the amount of fuel flowing into the car, and it fills in a linear sequence and not a stop-start one. And as you said they also help to vent excess vapour from the underground tanks on hotter days when alot of the fuel turns to gas instead of remaining as a liquid