Im sorry but even if you go used with a cpu like the i5 750 you'll still need at least 500 dollars cad on a used budget, a pc less than 200 dollars will run beamng but on very low settings at very low fps.
And also, I used all brand new parts. He can build his own using used parts but idk if he's experienced with pcs
Phone processors are ARM instruction set while PCs use x86_64 instruction set, so it wouldn't even run. But lets assume it would. It would run like crap. Phone processors are designed for maximum power efficiency and are generally rated for only a few watts of power. As such, they usually run at low clock speeds. For reference, most desktop CPUs are rated beteeen 50 and 140 watts and most laptop CPUs are rated for 10 to 40 watts.
No, you don't need to spend that much! My FX-6100 (@3.9GHz (undervolted and manages just fine with the stock cooler), worth about $60 these days) can handle 5-6 cars (pickups) while staying above 30 just fine. I also have an ancient HD 4670 (about as fast as Intel HD 4000, saw one going for $16 on Ebay not too long ago), which restricts me to 2-3 cars on the more detailed maps like Utah if I want to stay above 24-30. ...this is on the lowest settings, 720p, of course. If I had something like a 7750 (worth ~$50), I'm sure I could pull off medium settings on the detailed maps with 4 cars on a system worth ~$250 total. Beam has improved A LOT in it's optimization since launch!